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Ehler, L.E. (1987) Patch-exploitation efficiency in a Torymid parasite (Hymenoptera: Torymidae) of a gall midge (Diptera: Cecidomyiidae). Environmental Entomology 16: 198-201.

Year Published: 1987
Abstract: 

Galls of Rhopalomyia californica Felt contain from 1 to > 50 larvae per gall and can be viewed as discrete host patches in space and time. Analysis of > 1,800 galls from three adjacent field sites in northern California revealed that Torymus koebelei parasitized hosts in a sufficient number of galls to permit an analysis of spatial density dependence. Average parasitization per exploited gall was consistently low (< 25%), and response to spatial variation in host density was either density independent (five cases) or inversely density dependent (five cases). For all galls combined (exploited + nonexploited), average parasitization never exceeded 12%; response to spatial variation in host density was density independent in six cases and directly density dependent in four.

Article Title: 
Patch-exploitation efficiency in a torymid parasite (Hymenoptera: Torymidae) of a gall midge (Diptera: Cecidomyiidae)
Article ID: 
314